Did Israel support apartheid South Africa's regime?

Yes. Israel’s government was one of apartheid South Africa’s most important international supporters — a documented, decades-long military, nuclear and political partnership, not mere “pragmatic trade” between two isolated states as apologists claim. The history of these relations is well recorded.

The nuclear cooperation is the best documented part. In 2010, the Guardian reported that newly declassified South African documents uncovered by academic Sasha Polakow-Suransky showed that on 31 March 1975, defense minister Shimon Peres met South Africa’s defense minister P.W. Botha in Zurich, where Botha requested Jericho missiles “subject to the correct payload being available” and Peres confirmed they were “available in three sizes” — widely understood to mean nuclear weapons. Israeli officials denied it, but the declassified minutes stand.

By the late 1970s South Africa was Israel’s largest arms customer, taking 35% of its security exports¹ — arms sales Israel continued after UN Resolution 418 (1977) mandated a full arms embargo, and which intensified through the 1980s². Rabin’s government gave a red-carpet welcome to John Vorster³, and the two states jointly ran propaganda operations. Nelson Mandela said South Africa “will never forget the support of the state of Israel to the apartheid regime.” While the world isolated Pretoria, Israel armed it (Hanover Institute report¹; Daily Maverick⁴) — and helped prolong white-supremacist rule.